Drishti IAS: Your Gateway to Success in Competitive Exams.
Ancient India
Indus Valley Civilization (IVC):
Major sites: Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Lothal.
Town planning, drainage systems, and trade.
Theories on the decline of IVC.
Vedic Period:
Rigveda, Samaveda, Yajurveda, Atharvaveda.
Society: Caste system, Varna system, and social organization.
Political organization: Republics (Mahajanapadas).
Maurya Empire:
Chandragupta Maurya, Ashoka the Great.
Ashoka’s Dhamma and his role in spreading Buddhism.
Edicts of Ashoka and their significance.
Gupta Period:
Chandra Gupta I, Samudra Gupta, and Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya).
Golden Age of India: Achievements in science, mathematics, literature, and art.
Development of Hinduism, literature (Kalidasa), and mathematics (Aryabhata).